網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)院,網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)院app下載

  • 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2024-09-15 16:21:23
  • 來(lái)源:
  • 閱讀:
導(dǎo)讀:
鍥藉鎵胯鐨?8鎵€緗戠粶鏁欒偛闄㈡牎鏈夊摢浜?/h3>68鎵€鍏蜂綋濡備笅錛?/p>1銆佸寳浜湴鍖猴細(xì)鍖椾含澶у銆佹竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜璦€澶у銆佸寳浜鎶€澶

鍥藉鎵胯鐨?8鎵€緗戠粶鏁欒偛闄㈡牎鏈夊摢浜?/h3>

68鎵€鍏蜂綋濡備笅錛?/p>

1銆佸寳浜湴鍖猴細(xì)鍖椾含澶у銆佹竻鍗庡ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜璦€澶у銆佸寳浜鎶€澶у銆佷腑鍥戒漢姘戝ぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍥藉啘涓氬ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜埅絀鴻埅澶╁ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜鍥借澶у銆?/p>

鍖椾含浜ら€氬ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜偖鐢?shù)澶у銆佸寳浜悊宸ュぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍥藉湴璐ㄥぇ瀛︼紙鍖椾含錛夈€佷腑鍥界煶娌瑰ぇ瀛︼紙鍖椾含錛夈€佸澶栫粡嫻庤錘鏄撳ぇ瀛︺€佸寳浜腑鍖昏嵂澶у銆佷腑鍥戒紶濯掑ぇ瀛︺€佷腑澶煶涔愬闄€佷腑澶箍鎾數(shù)瑙嗗ぇ瀛︺€?/p>

2銆佷笢鍖楀湴鍖猴細(xì)鍝堝皵婊ㄥ伐涓氬ぇ瀛︺€佸悏鏋楀ぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍖楀ぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍖楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸ぇ榪炵悊宸ュぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍖楄儲(chǔ)緇忓ぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍖楀啘涓氬ぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍥藉尰縐戝ぇ瀛︺€?/p>

3銆佸崕涓滃湴鍖猴細(xì)澶嶆棪澶у銆佸崕涓滃笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佷笂嫻蜂氦閫氬ぇ瀛︺€佷笂嫻峰鍥借澶у銆佸崕涓滅悊宸ュぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍗庡ぇ瀛︺€佸崡浜ぇ瀛︺€佹禉姹熷ぇ瀛︺€佷笢鍗楀ぇ瀛︺€佹睙鍗楀ぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍥界煶娌瑰ぇ瀛?鍗庝笢)銆佷腑鍥界瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︺€?/p>

4銆佸崕鍗楀湴鍖猴細(xì)涓北澶у銆佸崕鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸帵闂ㄥぇ瀛︺€佺寤哄笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸崕鍗楃悊宸ュぇ瀛︺€?/p>

5銆佽タ鍗楀湴鍖猴細(xì)瑗垮崡澶у銆佸洓宸濆ぇ瀛︺€佺數(shù)瀛愮鎶€澶у銆佽タ鍗楄儲(chǔ)緇忓ぇ瀛︺€侀噸搴?jiǎn)澶у銆佽タ鍗楃鎶€澶у銆佸洓宸濆啘涓氬ぇ瀛︺€佽タ鍗椾氦閫氬ぇ瀛︺€?/p>

6銆佸叾浠栧湴鍖猴細(xì)澶╂觸澶у銆佸崡寮€澶у銆侀儜宸炲ぇ瀛︺€佸崕涓笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸崕涓鎶€澶у銆佹姹夊ぇ瀛︺€佹姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍥藉湴璐ㄥぇ瀛?姝︽眽)銆佽タ瀹変氦閫氬ぇ瀛︺€佽タ瀹夌數(shù)瀛愮鎶€澶у銆佽タ鍖楀伐涓氬ぇ瀛︺€侀檿瑗垮笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︺€佸北涓滃ぇ瀛︺€佷腑鍗楀ぇ瀛︺€佹箹鍗楀ぇ瀛︺€佸叞宸炲ぇ瀛︺€?/p>鎵╁睍璧勬枡錛?p style="text-indent:2em;">閮ㄥ垎瀛︽牎浠嬬粛濡備笅錛?/p>

1銆佸寳浜ぇ瀛?/p>

鍖椾含澶у錛圥eking University錛夌畝縐扳€滃寳澶р€濓紝璇炵敓浜?898騫達(dá)紝鍒濆悕浜笀澶у鍫傦紝鏄腑鍥借繎浠g涓€鎵€鍥界珛澶у錛屼篃鏄渶鏃╀互鈥滃ぇ瀛︹€濅箣鍚嶅垱鍔炵殑瀛︽牎錛屽叾鎴愮珛鏍囧織鐫€涓浗榪戜唬楂樼瓑鏁欒偛鐨勫紑绔€?/p>

2銆佸寳浜璦€澶у

鍖椾含璇█澶у錛圔eijing Language and Culture University錛夛紝綆€縐扳€滃寳璇€濓紝涓崕浜烘皯鍏卞拰鍥芥暀鑲查儴鐩村睘楂樼瓑瀛︽牎錛屽浗瀹垛€滅壒鑹查噸鐐瑰縐戦」鐩€濆緩璁鵑珮鏍★紝鏄湪鍛ㄦ仼鏉ユ€葷悊鐨勪翰鑷叧鎬€涓嬪緩绔嬬殑錛屽垱鍔炰簬1962騫達(dá)紝鏃跺悕涓衡€滃鍥界暀瀛︾敓楂樼瓑棰勫瀛︽牎鈥?/p>

3銆佸澶栫粡嫻庤錘鏄撳ぇ瀛?/p>

瀵瑰緇忔祹璐告槗澶у錛圲niversity of International Business and Economics錛夛紝綆€縐扳€滃澶栫粡璐稿ぇ瀛︹€濄€佲€滆錘澶р€濓紝鍧愯惤浜庝腑鍥介閮藉寳浜競(jìng)銆?/p>

瀛︽牎濮嬩簬1951騫村垱寤虹殑璐告槗閮ㄩ珮綰у晢涓氬共閮ㄥ鏍★紝1954騫村悎騫剁粍寤轟負(fù)鍖椾含瀵瑰璐告槗瀛﹂櫌錛?960騫村垪鍏ラ鎵?4鎵€鍏ㄥ浗閲嶇偣澶у涔嬩竴銆?/p>

4銆佸崕鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛?/p>

鍗庡崡甯堣寖澶у濮嬪緩浜?933騫達(dá)紝鍓嶈韓鏄綋浠h憲鍚嶆暀鑲插鏋楃牶鍎掑厛鐢熷垱寤虹殑騫夸笢鐪佺珛鍕峰嫟澶у甯堣寖瀛﹂櫌錛?982騫?0鏈堬紝鏄撳悕涓哄崕鍗楀笀鑼冨ぇ瀛︼紱2006騫達(dá)紝瀛︽牎閫氳繃鈥滃崄浜斺€濃€?11宸ョ▼鈥濆緩璁炬暣浣撻獙鏀躲€?/p>

5銆佸ぉ媧ュぇ瀛?/p>

澶╂觸澶у錛圱ianjinUniversity錛夛紝綆€縐扳€滃ぉ澶р€濓紝鍧愯惤浜庡巻鍙叉枃鍖栧悕鍩庛€佷腑鍥藉寳鏂圭粡嫻庝腑蹇?jī)澶zワ紝鍏跺墠韜負(fù)鍖楁磱澶у錛屽寤轟簬1895騫?0鏈?鏃ワ紝鏄腑鍥界涓€鎵€鐜頒唬澶у錛岀礌浠モ€滃疄浜嬫眰鏄€濈殑鏍¤銆佲€滀弗璋ㄦ不瀛︹€濈殑鏍¢鍜屸€滅埍鍥藉鐚€濈殑浼犵粺浜獕嫻峰唴澶栥€?/p>

鍙傝€冭祫鏂欙細(xì)鐧懼害鐧劇-緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌

浠€涔堟槸緗戠粶澶у

闂?shù)竴錛氱綉緇滃ぇ瀛︽槸浠€涔堟蹇碉紵緗戠粶澶у錛屽湪涓浗縐頒負(fù)榪滅▼鏁欒偛銆傞€氬父瀹炶寮規(guī)€у鍒訛紝鍏佽瀛︾敓鑷敱閫夋嫨瀛︿範(fàn)鏈熼檺錛屼緥濡傝タ鍗椾氦閫氬ぇ瀛︾綉闄㈠嵆瑙勫畾楂樹(shù)腑璧風(fēng)偣涓撶銆佷笓縐戣搗鐐規(guī)湰縐戯紝瀛﹀埗2.5騫達(dá)紝瀛︿範(fàn)鏈熼檺2.5錛?騫達(dá)紝錛涚綉緇滃ぇ瀛﹂渶瑕佸鐢熸湁寰堝己鐨勮嚜鍒跺姏鍜岃嚜涓繪€э紝鍥犱負(fù)鍜屼紶緇熸暀瀛︽柟寮忎笉鍚岋紝榪滅▼鏁欒偛涓昏鏄鐢熼€氳繃鐐瑰嚮緗戜笂璇句歡錛堟垨鏄厜鐩樿浠訛級(jí)鏉ュ畬鎴愯紼嬬殑瀛︿範(fàn)錛岄€氳繃鐢?shù)瀛愰偖錃g鎴栬創(chuàng)璐村瓙鐨勬柟寮忓悜鏁欏笀鎻愪氦浣滀笟鎴栧嵆鏃朵氦嫻侊紝騫跺彲鏍規(guī)嵁瀛︾敓鐨勫叿鐩儏鍐靛畨鎺掗泦涓潰鎺堛€?/p>

闂?shù)簩锛?xì)闊╁浗鍏ㄧ悆緗戠粶澶у鏄粈涔堝鏍°€傦紵涓嶆槸鍟ラ噹楦″ぇ瀛︽槸闊╁浗寰堝鑹轟漢灝辮鐨勫鏍?/p>

濡傚浘涓轟粖騫磋澶у鐨勬嫑鐢熼潰鏉?/p>

鏈塃XID BTS Block B絳夊洟鎴愬憳

闂?shù)笁锛?xì)緗戠粶澶у鏄笉鏄粈涔堜笓涓氶兘鏈夛紵鍦ㄩ偅涓ぇ瀛﹀氨鏄販鏂囧嚟錛屼粈涔堥兘瀛︿笉鍒?/p>

闂鍥涳細(xì)緗戠粶鏁欒偛鏄粈涔堟剰鎬濆浗瀹舵壙璁ゅ鍘嗙殑錛?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛鐜板湪澶氭寚鐜頒唬榪滅▼鏁欒偛(涔熺О涓虹綉緇滃ぇ瀛?,鏄即闅忕潃鐜頒唬淇℃伅鎶€鏈殑鍙戝睍鑰屼駭鐢熺殑涓€縐嶆柊鍨嬫暀鑲叉柟寮忋€傜綉緇滄暀鑲查€氳繃瀹屾垚瑙勫畾鐨勮紼嬪涔?fàn)鋼Q鍔?鑰冭瘯鍚堟牸鑾峰緱瀛﹀垎,杈懼埌瑙勫畾鐨勬€誨鍒嗗悗,鍙瘯涓?瀛﹀巻璇佷功鐢?shù)瀛愭敞鍐屽悗鍥藉浜堜互鎵胯銆傜鍚堝浣嶆巿浜堣瀹氱殑瀛﹀憳,鍚屾椂鑾峰緱瀛﹀+瀛︿綅璇佷功銆?/p>

2007騫達(dá)紝鏁欒偛閮ㄦ壒鍑嗕簡(jiǎn)鍏ㄥ浗67鎵€閲嶇偣澶у涓鴻瘯鐐歸珮鏍″紑鍔炵綉緇滃鍘嗘暀鑲層€傚鍛樺彲浠ヨ嚜涓誨畨鎺掑涔?fàn)鏃堕棿銆侀€夋嫨瀛︿範(fàn)鍐呭銆備笓涓氳緗垎涓ょ被錛氫竴綾繪槸璇ラ珮鏍℃嫑鐗屼笓涓?榪樻湁涓€綾繪槸灝變笟鍓嶆櫙鑹ソ鐨勭儹闂ㄤ笓涓氾紝鍏剁壒鐐規(guī)敞閲嶅疄鐢ㄦ€э紝寰堝彈鐢ㄤ漢鍗曚綅嬈㈣繋銆傜綉緇滄暀鑲叉槸鏂扮敓浜嬬墿錛岄殢鐫€緗戠粶鏁欒偛鐨勪笉鏂彂灞曪紝瓚婃潵瓚婅紺句細(xì)鎺ュ彈銆?/p>

銆愰€傚悎瀵硅薄銆?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛闇€瑕佸鍛樻湁寰堝己鐨勮嚜鍒跺姏鍜岃嚜涓繪€э紝鑳借嚜涓昏鍒掑拰瀹夋帓瀛︿範(fàn);閲囩敤鍚嶅笀鎺堣錛屽叡浜悕鏍′紭縐€鏁欏璧勬簮錛岄€傚悎鏈夆€滃悕鏍℃儏緇撯€濈殑瀛﹀憳銆傜綉緇滃闄竴鑸湪鍏ㄥ浗鍚勫湴閮借緗湁鏍″瀛︿範(fàn)涓績(jī)錛屽鍛樺彲灝辮繎鎶ュ悕瀛︿範(fàn)銆傜敱浜庡彲浠ュ埄鐢ㄤ笟浣欐椂闂村涔?fàn)锛岄潪甯搁€傚悎涓€杈瑰伐浣滀竴杈硅嚜鎴戞彁鍗囩殑瀛﹀憳銆?/p>

鍏峰鏅€氶珮?shù)腑銆佽亴涓氶珮?shù)腑銆佷腑絳変笓涓氬鏍°€佽亴涓氭妧鏈鏍℃瘯涓氳瘉涔︽垨鍚岀瓑瀛﹀巻鐩稿簲鐨勮瘉涔﹀彲浠ユ姤鑰冮珮?shù)腑钃v鐐規(guī)湰銆佷笓縐戝眰嬈$殑瀛︿範(fàn)錛屽彇寰椾笓縐戞瘯涓氳瘉鑰呭彲浠ユ姤涓撶敓鏈眰嬈$殑瀛︿範(fàn)銆?/p>

銆愬涔?fàn)鏂瑰紡銆?/p>

緗戠粶澶у閫氬父瀹炶寮規(guī)€у鍒訛紝鍏佽瀛︾敓鑷敱閫夋嫨瀛︿範(fàn)鏈熼檺銆傜綉緇滄暀鑲查渶瑕佸鐢熸湁寰堝己鐨勮嚜鍒跺姏鍜岃嚜涓繪€э紝涓庝紶緇熸暀瀛︽柟寮忎笉鍚岋紝緗戠粶鏁欒偛涓昏鏄鐢熼€氳繃鐐瑰嚮緗戜笂璇句歡(鎴栨槸鍏夌洏璇句歡)鏉ュ畬鎴愯紼嬬殑瀛︿範(fàn)錛岄€氳繃鐢?shù)瀛愰偖錃g鎴栬創(chuàng)璐村瓙絳夋柟寮忓悜鏁欏笀鎻愪氦浣滀笟鎴栧嵆鏃朵氦嫻侊紝騫跺彲鏍規(guī)嵁瀛︾敓鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐靛畨鎺掗泦涓潰鎺堛€?/p>

銆愭枃鍑浣嶃€?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌搴斿疄琛屽鍒嗗埗銆傚鍘嗘暀鑲茬殑瀛﹀垎鏈夋晥鏈熷拰淇笟騫撮檺鐢卞鏍″喅瀹氥€傚杈懼埌鏈€佷笓縐戞瘯涓氳姹傜殑瀛︾敓錛岄鍙戜綍縐嶅艦寮忕殑姣曚笟璇佷功錛岀敱瀛︽牎鎱庨噸鐮旂┒鍚庤嚜琛屽喅瀹?瀛﹀巻璇佷功鐢卞鏍¤嚜琛屽嵃鍒訛紝騫跺疄琛岀數(shù)瀛愭敞鍐屽埗搴︼紝鈥︹€?/p>

闂?shù)簲锛?xì)澶嶆棪緗戠粶瀛﹂櫌鏄粈涔堟蹇碉紵浠ヤ竴涓繃鏉ヤ漢鐨勮韓浠芥潵璇達(dá)紝澶嶆棪鏈繀鏄渶濂界殑閫夋嫨鎴戞槸鐜板湪姣曚笟浠ュ悗鍦ㄨ涓氫綑鐨剘鎴戞€昏寰楁湁楠椾漢鐨勬劅瑙?鑷沖皯瀛﹁垂灝辨瘮鍏朵粬瀛︽牎璐祣褰撴椂涔熸槸鎶辯潃澶嶆棪鏄鏍$殑鎯蟲(chóng)硶鎵嶆姤鐨?濡傛灉浣犲凡緇忔瘯涓氫簡(jiǎn),鍙槸宸ヤ綔闇€瑕佹墠璇葷殑,寤鴻鎵句竴鑸鏍″氨鍙互浜?姣曠珶娌℃湁閭d箞澶氭椂闂寸簿鍔涜€楀湪榪欐墍瀛︽牎閲?鍒版椂鍊欐帴韙佃€屾潵鐨勮ˉ鑰冮噸鏂?絳夌駭鑰冭瘯鐪熺殑浼?xì)璁╀汉鍚冧笉娑垀!涓轟粈涔堢幇鍦ㄥぇ瀛﹁鏂介兘閭d箞濂?涓轟粈涔堟牎鍥偅涔堝ぇ,鍥犱負(fù)姣忎竴鍧楁澘鐮栭兘鏄垜闂ㄧ殑琛€姹楀仛鐨剘

闂鍏細(xì)緗戠粶鏁欒偛鍒板簳浠€涔堟剰鎬?1.鍏ュ鏂瑰紡錛?/p>

緗戠粶澶у鐢辨嫑鐢熼櫌鏍¤嚜涓誨懡棰橈紝緇勭粐鑰冭瘯銆?/p>

2.鎺堣鏂瑰紡錛?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛鏈変袱縐嶆巿璇炬柟寮忥紝涓€鏄€氳繃緗戠粶榪涜鍦ㄧ嚎鎺堣錛屽鍛樺彲浠ラ€氳繃緗戠粶嫻忚璇句歡錛屽畬鎴愪綔涓氾紝閫氳繃BBS榪涜鎻愰棶鍜屾矡閫氾紝浜屾槸闆嗕腑闈㈡巿銆備笉灝戝笇鏈涜繘鍏ヨ嚜宸卞績(jī)浠殑鍚嶆牎榪涜瀛︿範(fàn)鐨勫鍦板鐢燂紝鍙互閫氳繃鎶ヨ€冪綉緇滃闄紝鎺ュ彈榪滅▼鎺堣浠ュ畬鎴愬涓氥€?/p>

3.鎷涚敓瀵硅薄錛?/p>

鎴愪漢楂樿€冦€佺綉緇滃ぇ瀛︽嫑鐢熻寖鍥村寘鎷湪鑱屻€佷粠涓氫漢鍛樺拰紺句細(xì)鍏朵粬浜哄憳錛屼竴鑸姹傞珮?shù)腑钃v鐐規(guī)姤鑰冧笓銆佹湰縐戠殑錛屽繀欏繪縺鑾峰緱鏅€氶珮?shù)腑銆佷腑絳変笓涓氬鏍℃垨鑱屼笟鎶€鏈鏍℃瘯涓氳瘉涔︽垨鍚岀瓑瀛﹀巻鑰呫€備笓縐戣搗鐐規(guī)姤鑰冩湰縐戠殑錛屽簲鍏鋒湁鍥芥皯鏁欒偛緋誨垪鐨勪笓縐戞垨涓撶浠ヤ笂姣曚笟璇佷功銆?/p>

4.瀛︿範(fàn)騫撮檺錛?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛涔熶竴鑸疄琛屽脊鎬у鍒訛紝鍏佽瀛︾敓鑷敱閫夋嫨瀛︿範(fàn)鏈熼檺銆備互鍚屾祹澶у涓轟緥錛屾嫑鏀跺緩絳戝伐紼嬮珮鍗囨湰鐨勫涔?fàn)骞撮檺湄?fù)4-6騫達(dá)紝楂樺崌涓撶殑瀛︿範(fàn)騫撮檺涓?-4騫達(dá)紝涓撳崌鏈殑瀛︿範(fàn)騫撮檺涓?.5-5騫淬€?/p>

5.瀛︿範(fàn)璐圭敤錛?/p>

緗戠粶澶у鐨勬敹璐逛竴鑸寜鐓у鍒嗚綆楋紝涓嶅悓鐨勫鏍℃敹璐規(guī)爣鍑嗕笉鍚屻€備竴鑸竴涓鍒嗗ぇ姒?00澶氬厓錛屽鏋滀綘閫夋嫨鐨勪笓涓氭瘯涓氶渶瑕?0涓鍒嗭紝瀛﹁垂綰﹀湪1涓囧厓宸﹀彸銆備緥濡傚悓嫻庡ぇ瀛﹂珮鍗囦笓鎬誨鍒嗕負(fù)75鍒嗭紙闄ゅ緩絳戝伐紼嬶級(jí)錛屼笂嫻峰湴鍖烘瘡瀛﹀垎璐圭敤涓?50鍏冿紝鍒欐瘡瀛﹀勾璐圭敤涓?500鍏冿紱楂樺崌鏈紼嬫€誨鍒嗕負(fù)160鍒嗭紝姣忓騫磋垂鐢ㄤ負(fù)7200鍏冦€備笉榪囩浉瀵規(guī)潵璇寸綉緇滃ぇ瀛︾殑瀛︾敓鍙互鐪佸幓浣忓銆佷紮椋熴€佷氦閫氱瓑涓€緋誨垪璐圭敤銆?/p>

6.鎷涚敓闄㈡牎錛?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛鐨勬嫑鐢熼櫌鏍℃槸鍥藉鎵瑰噯鐨勫叿鏈夎繙紼嬬綉緇滄暀鑲茶祫璐ㄧ殑鏅€氶珮鏍★紝涓€浜涘鏍$殑緗戠粶鏁欒偛鏄拰鎴愪漢鏁欒偛鍏卞悓闅跺睘浜庣戶緇暀鑲插闄紝鏈夌殑鍗曠嫭鎴愮珛浜?jiǎn)缃懢l滄暀鑲插闄€?/p>

闂?shù)竷锛?xì)縐誨姩鐨勭綉涓婂闄㈡槸浠€涔?10鍒嗕腑鍥界Щ鍔ㄧ殑鍛樺伐鍐呴儴鍩硅鐨勭綉绔?/p>

闂鍏細(xì)涓浗紼庡姟緗戠粶澶у鏄竴鎵€浠€涔堝鏍″澶栫粡嫻庤錘鏄撳ぇ瀛︽槸涓€鎵€澶у鑰屼笉鏄笓涓氾紝妤間富鍙互鑷繁鍘葷?rùn)究U戙€?00鍒嗘兂涓婂澶栫粡嫻庤錘鏄撳ぇ瀛︾殑璇濊繕闇€鍔犲€嶅姞鍊嶅姫鍔涖€傝嚦浜庤閬撳澶栬錘鏄撲笓涓氾紝鐢變簬涓浗榪戝勾鏉ョ粡嫻庡閫熺寷錛岀粡嫻庨噾铻嶅拰鍟嗙綆$悊綾諱笓涓氬垎鏁拌姹傞兘姣旇緝楂橈紝鑰屼笖閫氬父榪欑被涓撲笟榪樻槸鍒版瘮杈冨ソ鐨勫ぇ瀛﹀幓璇繪瘮杈冨ソ錛屽洜涓虹珵浜夊お嬋€鐑堜簡(jiǎn)銆?00鍒嗙殑璇濇帹鑽愯亴楂樺惂銆?/p>

闂?shù)節(jié)锛?xì)鑰冧笂鍘葷殑澶т笓鍜岀綉緇滃ぇ瀛︾殑澶т笓鏈変粈涔堝尯鍒?zhèn)ㄥソ銆?/p>

綆€鍗曞洖絳斾竴涓嬫?zhèn)ㄧ殑杩欎釜闂锛屾潈褰撳拰鎮(zhèn)ㄤ氦娴伨l忛獙銆?/p>

鏅€氶珮鑰冨叆瀛︾殑緇熸嫑澶т笓錛堜互涓嬬畝縐扳€濈粺鎷涘ぇ涓擄級(jí)鍜岀綉緇滃ぇ瀛︾殑澶т笓錛堜互涓嬬畝縐扳€滅綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撯€濓級(jí)錛岃櫧璇村鍘嗗眰嬈℃槸涓€鑷寸殑錛岄兘鏄ぇ瀛︿笓縐戝鍘嗚瘉涔︺€備絾鍦ㄥ氨涓氶亾璺拰宸ヤ綔涓湁鐫€寰堝ぇ鐨勫尯鍒細(xì)

絎竴錛岀粺鎷涘ぇ涓撳睘浜庡叏鏃ュ埗鏅€氶珮絳夋暀鑲詫紙鏅€氭暀鑲插鍘嗭級(jí)錛岃€岀綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撳睘浜庢垚浜洪珮絳夋暀鑲詫紙鎴愪漢鏁欒偛瀛﹀巻錛夈€傝€岀洴搴旇仒鍗曚綅鏃訛紝瀵逛簬鏌愪簺鍗曚綅鎻愬嚭鍏ㄦ棩鍒跺鍘嗘垨姣曚笟璇佷功鐨勮姹傛椂錛岀綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撳彧濂介潬杈規(guī)棤娉曞簲鑱樸€傚寘鎷簨涓氬崟浣嶆嫑鑱樻椂錛屾湁鐨勪篃嬈㈠枩鎻愯姹傚叏鏃ュ埗鏂囧嚟鐨勮姹傘€?/p>

絎簩錛屽湪鑱岀О璇勮仒?shù)腑锛尵|戠粶鏁欒偛澶т笓鏄棤娉曞弬鍔犱笓涓氭妧鏈漢鍛樻妧鏈祫鏍鹼紙鑱岀О錛夌殑璇勮仒鍜岃瀹氱殑銆?/p>

鍥藉瑙勫畾涓紝瀵逛簬涓撲笟鎶€鏈漢鍛樿亴縐板垵璇勫拰璁ゅ畾錛屽叧浜庡鍘嗙殑瑕佹眰鏄€滃叏鏃ュ埗澶т腑涓撴瘯涓氱敓鈥溿€備絾緗戠粶鏁欒偛澶т笓姣曚笟鐢熶笂鏄笉灞炰簬鍏ㄦ棩鍒舵瘯涓氱敓鐨勩€?/p>

絎笁錛屽湪灝變笟涓婏紝緇熸嫑澶т笓鐢燂紝灞炰簬鏁欒偛閮ㄩ珮鏍℃瘯涓氱敓灝變笟緇熻鑼冪暣錛岃兘浜彈鍒板浗瀹墮珮鏍℃瘯涓氱敓灝變笟鐨勪竴浜涙斂絳栵紝姣斿鑷富鍒涗笟鐨勫皬棰濊捶嬈俱€佸浗瀹剁浉鍏抽儴闂ㄦ垨緇勭粐浼?xì)鐗靛ご鍔炰粈涔堟嫑鑱樹(shù)細(xì)銆佸寘鎷タ閮ㄨ鍒掔瓑絳夈€傝€岀綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撴瘯涓氱敓鍒欎韓鍙椾笉鍒般€?/p>

絎洓錛屽叧浜庢姤鍒拌瘉鐨勯棶棰樸€傜粺鎷涘ぇ涓撶敓姣曚笟鍚庢槸鍙戞姤鍒拌瘉鐨勩€傜綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撶敓涓€鑸儏鍐典笅鏄笉鍙戠殑銆傜壒孌婄殑鏈変簺鍦版柟緗戠粶鏁欒偛澶т笓鐢熸瘯涓氭敞鍐屽悗錛屽ソ鍍忎篃鑳藉彂鍒般€備絾鏄鍘葷渷鑰冨鍔炵悊銆?/p>

鎴戠煡閬撳畨寰界渷鑷€冩瘯涓氱敓鏃舵敞鍐屽悗涓€騫翠互鍐呮壘鍒板伐浣滐紝鍙互鍙戞姤鍒拌瘉銆?/p>

絎簲錛岀ぞ浼?xì)瀵规枃鍑叕璁ゅ害鏂归潰銆傜粺鎷涘ぇ涓撶敓鍐嶄笉嫻庯紝紺句細(xì)鍏搴﹁姣旂綉緇滄暀鑲插ぇ涓撶敓鐨勮鍙害瑕侀珮銆?/p>

綆€鍗曞洖絳斿埌榪欙紝甯屾湜瀵規(guī)偍鑳芥湁涓€瀹氬府鍔┿€?/p>

闂鍗侊細(xì)緗戠粶澶у涓€鍗婁笉璇諱簡(jiǎn)鍙互鍚楁墍璋撶綉緇滄暀鑲?鍚噾閲忓緢浣庡緢浣庣殑錛屽崟浣嶄竴鐪嬪氨縐掓噦浜?jiǎn)锛屼綘璇诲堫C竴鍗婏紝瀛﹁垂鍙涓嶅彨錛屽氨鍙互浜?jiǎn)锛屾湁鑰冭瘯涔堬紵鍙浜ら挶灝辮浜?jiǎn)锛?/p>

濡傛灉榪欎釜緗戠粶鏁欒偛璺熸甯稿ぇ瀛︿竴鏍鳳紝閭eぇ瀛﹀氨鍙互涓嶇敤寮€鍟︺€?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛鏂囧嚟錛屼笂闈㈤潪甯告竻鏅扮殑鍗扮潃錛氱綉緇滄暀鑲詫紝璁╀漢涓€鐩簡(jiǎn)鐒?dòng)灱屽搸锛屾湁姣旀病鏈夌殑濂藉Q屽ぇ姒傛槸榪欎箞鍥炰簨銆傚彲浠ユ煡鐪嬬櫨搴︾殑鍥劇墖錛屽寰楁槸

緗戠粶鏁欒偛鏄湅浣犻渶姹傦紝姣斿璇達(dá)紝浣犲湪涓€瀹朵紒涓氭販鐨勪笉閿欙紝浣嗘槸浼佷笟瑕佹眰浣犲ぇ涓撴垨鑰呮湰縐戞枃鍑紝鐒跺悗浣犲張闈炲父娌℃湁鏃墮棿鍘昏涔﹁€冭瘯錛岄偅涔堣繖鏃跺€欑綉鏁欏氨鏄渶濂界殑閫夋嫨銆?/p>

鍏ㄦ棩鍒?鏈€楂樺惈閲戦噺錛堟甯鎬笂瀹屽ぇ瀛﹁紼嬶級(jí)

鑷€?浠呮鍏ㄦ棩鍒訛紝蹇呴』鑷鎴栬€呭弬鍔犺紼嬪煿璁紝鑰冭繃姣忎竴縐戠殑鍙?qiáng)鏍季U匡紝鍏ㄩ儴鍙?qiáng)鏍兼墠鍙互鐢宠h瘯涓?/p>

鍑芥巿=鍚噾閲忎綆浜?jiǎn)锛屽彧瑕佽€冭繃鎴愪漢楂樿€冿紝杈懼埌鍙?qiáng)鏍季U匡紝鍚庨潰鑰冭瘯涔熸槸涓嶉毦鐨?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛=鏈€宸殑浜?/p>

鍏ㄥ浗鏈夊摢浜涢珮鏍℃湁緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌

鍏ㄥ浗鏈夎繖浜涢珮鏍℃湁緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌錛?/p>

1銆佷腑鍥戒漢姘戝ぇ瀛︼細(xì)鏈変腑鍥戒漢姘戝ぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄€?998騫達(dá)紝涓浗浜烘皯澶у鍒涘姙浜?jiǎn)鎴戝浗绗竴鎵€閲囩敤浜掕仈緗戞暀瀛︾殑緗戜笂澶у鈥斺€斺€滅綉涓婁漢澶р€濄€傜洰鍓嶏紝鈥滅綉涓婁漢澶р€濆湪鍏ㄥ浗50浣欎釜鍩庡競(jìng)璁炬湁鏁欏鏈嶅姟涓績(jī)錛屽湪璇繪湰銆佷笓縐戝鐢熷洓涓囦綑鍚嶃€?/p>

2銆佷腑鍥界瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︼細(xì)鏈変腑鍥界瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄€備腑鍥界瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄緷鎵樹(shù)腑鍥界瀛︽妧鏈ぇ瀛︾殑浼樼鏁欒偛璧勬簮錛岀Н鏋佸紑灞曞灞傛鐨勭幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲詫紝浠ラ€傚簲紺句細(xì)瀵歸珮絳夋暀鑲茬殑涓嶅悓闇€姹傘€?/p>

3銆佹姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛︼細(xì)鏈夋姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄€傛姹夌悊宸ュぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄㈢寤轟簬2000騫?鏈堬紝2001騫?鏈堢粡鏁欒偛閮ㄦ壒鍑嗘垚涓哄叏鍥界幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲茶瘯鐐瑰鏍′箣涓€錛?001騫?鏈堟寮忔垚绔嬬綉緇滄暀鑲插闄㈠茍寮€濮嬮灞婃嫑鐢燂紝2002騫存垚涓烘暀鑲查儴紜畾鐨勭綉緇滄暀鑲茶川閲忕鐞嗕綋緋昏璇佷袱鎵€璇曠偣楂樻牎涔嬩竴銆?/p>

4銆佷笂嫻蜂氦閫氬ぇ瀛︼細(xì)鏈変笂嫻蜂氦閫氬ぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄€傜粡鏁欒偛閮ㄦ壒鍑嗭紝涓婃搗浜ら€氬ぇ瀛︿簬 2000騫?鏈堜綔涓哄叏鍥界幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲茶瘯鐐歸珮鏍¤绔嬩簡(jiǎn)緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌錛屽紑灞曠綉緇滄暀鑲層€傚闄㈡??U瀬鍒╃敤鐜頒唬鍏堣繘鐨勭綉緇滄暀鑲叉妧鏈紝縐瀬鎷撳睍鐜頒唬榪滅▼鏁欒偛錛岃嚧鍔涗簬涓虹ぞ浼?xì)鍩瑰呏M紭縐€鐨勫簲鐢ㄥ瀷涓撲笟浜烘墠銆?/p>

5銆佸寳浜ぇ瀛︼細(xì)鏈夊寳浜ぇ瀛︾綉緇滄暀鑲插闄€?005騫?3鏈堬紝鍖椾含澶у緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌姝e紡鎴愮珛錛屾洿濂藉湴鏁村悎浜?jiǎn)鍖椾含澶у鐨勪紭璐ㄦ暀鑲茶祫婧愬Q屽紑灞曞寳浜ぇ瀛︾幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲茬殑鏁欏銆佺鐞嗐€佹妧鏈紑鍙戠瓑宸ヤ綔銆?/p>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌鏄粈涔堟剰鎬?/h3>

緗戠粶鏁欒偛涔熷彨榪滅▼鏁欒偛

榪滅▼鏁欒偛錛屽湪鏁欒偛閮ㄥ凡鍑哄彴鐨勪竴浜涙枃浠朵腑錛屼篃縐扮幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲蹭負(fù)緗戠粶鏁欒偛錛屾槸鎴愪漢鏁欒偛瀛﹀巻涓殑涓€縐嶃€傛槸鎸囦嬌鐢ㄧ數(shù)瑙嗗強(qiáng)浜掕仈緗戠瓑浼犳挱濯掍綋鐨勬暀瀛︽ā寮忥紝瀹冪獊鐮翠簡(jiǎn)鏃剁┖鐨勭晫綰匡紝鏈夊埆浜庝紶緇熺殑鍦ㄦ牎浣忓鐨勬暀瀛︽ā寮忋€備嬌鐢ㄨ繖縐嶆暀瀛︽ā寮忕殑瀛︾敓錛岄€氬父鏄笟浣欒繘淇€呫€傜敱浜庝笉闇€瑕佸埌鐗瑰畾鍦扮偣涓婅錛屽洜姝ゅ彲浠ラ殢鏃墮殢鍦頒笂璇俱€傚鐢熶害鍙互閫忚繃鐢?shù)瑙嗱q挎挱銆佷簰鑱旂綉銆佽緟瀵間笓綰褲€佽鐮旂ぞ銆侀潰鎺堬紙鍑芥巿錛夌瓑澶氱涓嶅悓綆¢亾浜掑姪瀛︿範(fàn)銆傛槸鐜頒唬淇℃伅鎶€鏈簲鐢ㄤ簬鏁欒偛鍚庝駭鐢熺殑鏂版蹇碉紝鍗寵繍鐢ㄧ綉緇滄妧鏈笌鐜寮€灞曠殑鏁欒偛銆傛嫑鐢熷璞′笉鍙楀勾榫勫拰鍏堝墠瀛﹀巻闄愬埗錛屼負(fù)騫垮ぇ宸叉鍏ョぞ浼?xì)鐨劸煠浼楁彁渚涗簡(jiǎn)瀛﹀巻鎻愬崌鐨勬溵Z細(xì)銆?/p>

瀹氫箟涓庤В閲婏細(xì)

鐙箟錛?/p>

榪滅▼鏁欒偛鏄寚鐢辯壒瀹氱殑鏁欒偛緇勭粐鏈烘瀯錛岀患鍚堝簲鐢ㄤ竴瀹氱ぞ浼?xì)鏃舵湡鐨勬妧鏈紝鏀墮泦銆佽璁°€佸紑鍙戝拰鍒╃敤鍚勭鏁欒偛璧勬簮銆佹瀯寤烘暀鑲茬幆澧冿紝騫跺熀浜庝竴瀹氱ぞ浼?xì)鏃舵湡鐨勬妧鏈€佹暀鑲茶祫婧愬拰鏁欒偛鐜涓哄鐢熸彁渚涙暀鑲叉湇鍔★紝浠ュ強(qiáng)鍑轟簬鏁欏鍜岀ぞ浼?xì)鍖栫殑鐩殑杩涜€屼負(fù)瀛︾敓緇勭粐涓€浜涢泦浣撲細(xì)璁氦嫻佹椿鍔紙浠ヤ紶緇熼潰瀵歸潰鏂瑰紡鎴栬€呬互鐜頒唬鐢?shù)瀛愭柟寮彉q涜錛夛紝浠ュ府鍔╁拰淇?jī)杩涘鐢煒q滅▼瀛︿範(fàn)涓虹洰鐨勭殑鎵€鏈夊疄璺墊椿鍔ㄧ殑鎬葷О銆傚湪鎵€鏈夋椿鍔ㄤ腑錛屾暀甯堟槸浠ユ暀鑲茶祫婧愮殑褰㈠紡鎴栧涔?fàn)甯績(jī)鑰呯殑韜喚涓庡鐢熶繚鎸佺潃涓€縐嶅噯姘鎬箙鎬у垎紱葷殑鐘舵€侊紱鑰屽鐢熶笌鏁欒偛緇勭粐鏈烘瀯錛堟暀甯堬級(jí)鎴栧鐢熶笌瀛︾敓涔嬮棿灝嗛€氳繃寤虹珛鍙屽悜鎴栧鍚戦€氫俊鏈哄埗淇濇寔鍗蟲(chóng)椂浼?xì)璇濄€傚湪涓浗鐜頒唬榪滅▼鏁欒偛鏈夋椂涔熺О緗戠粶鏁欒偛錛屽鏁頒粠浜嬮珮絳夋暀鑲茬殑鐜頒唬榪滅▼鏁欒偛鏈烘瀯涓烘櫘閫氶珮鏍$殑緗戠粶鏁欒偛瀛﹂櫌鎴栫幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲插闄€傜綉緇滄暀鑲叉槸鐜頒唬淇℃伅鎶€鏈簲鐢ㄤ簬鏁欒偛鍚庝駭鐢熺殑鏂版蹇碉紝鍗寵繍鐢ㄧ綉緇滆繙紼嬫妧鏈笌鐜寮€灞曠殑鏁欒偛錛屽湪鏁欒偛閮ㄥ凡鍑哄彴鐨勬煇浜涙枃浠朵腑錛屼篃縐扮幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲蹭負(fù)緗戠粶鏁欒偛銆?/p>

騫夸箟錛?/p>

榪滅▼鏁欒偛鏄鐢熶笌鏁欏笀銆佸鐢熶笌鏁欒偛緇勭粐涔嬮棿涓昏閲囧彇澶氱濯掍綋鏂瑰紡榪涜緋葷粺鏁欏鍜岄€氫俊鑱旂郴鐨勬暀鑲插艦寮忥紝鏄皢璇劇▼浼犻€佺粰鏍″洯澶栫殑涓€澶勬垨澶氬瀛︾敓鐨勬暀鑲層€傜幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲插垯鏄寚閫氳繃闊抽銆佽棰戯紙鐩存挱鎴栧綍鍍忥級(jí)浠ュ強(qiáng)鍖呮嫭瀹炴椂鍜岄潪瀹炴椂鍦ㄥ唴鐨勮綆楁満鎶€鏈妸璇劇▼浼犻€佸埌鏍″洯澶栫殑鏁欒偛銆傜幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲叉槸闅忕潃鐜頒唬淇℃伅鎶€鏈殑鍙戝睍鑰屼駭鐢熺殑涓€縐嶆柊鍨嬫暀鑲叉柟寮忋€傝綆楁満鎶€鏈€佸濯掍綋鎶€鏈€侀€氫俊鎶€鏈殑鍙戝睍錛岀壒鍒槸鍥犵壒緗?internet)鐨勮繀鐚涘彂灞曪紝浣胯繙紼嬫暀鑲茬殑鎵嬫鏈変簡(jiǎn)璐ㄧ殑椋炶穬錛屾垚涓洪珮鏂版妧鏈潯浠朵笅鐨勮繙紼嬫暀鑲層€傜幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲叉槸浠ョ幇浠h繙紼嬫暀鑲叉墜孌典負(fù)涓伙紝鍏煎闈㈡巿銆佸嚱鎺堝拰鑷絳変紶緇熸暀瀛﹀艦寮忥紝澶氱濯掍綋浼樺寲緇勫悎鐨勬暀鑲叉柟寮忋€?/p>

鐜頒唬榪滅▼鏁欒偛鍙互鏈夋晥鍦板彂鎸ヨ繙紼嬫暀鑲茬殑鐗圭偣錛屾槸涓€縐嶇浉瀵逛簬闈㈡巿鏁欒偛銆佸笀鐢熷垎紱匯€侀潪闈㈠闈㈢粍緇囩殑鏁欏媧誨姩錛屽畠鏄竴縐嶈法瀛︽牎銆佽法鍦板尯鐨勬暀鑲蹭綋鍒跺拰鏁欏妯″紡錛屽畠鐨勭壒鐐規(guī)槸錛氬鐢熶笌鏁欏笀鍒嗙錛涢噰鐢ㄧ壒瀹氱殑浼犺緭緋葷粺鍜屼紶鎾獟浣撹繘琛屾暀瀛︼紱淇℃伅鐨勪紶杈撴柟寮忓縐嶅鏍鳳紱瀛︿範(fàn)鐨勫満鎵€鍜屽艦寮忕伒媧誨鍙樸€備笌闈㈡巿鏁欒偛鐩告瘮錛岃繙璺濈鏁欒偛鐨勪紭鍔垮湪浜庡畠鍙互紿佺牬鏃剁┖鐨勯檺鍒訛紱鎻愪緵鏇村鐨勫涔?fàn)鏈轰細(xì)锛涙墿澶ф暀瀛﹁妯″Q涙彁楂樻暀瀛﹁川閲忥紱闄嶄綆鏁欏鐨勬垚鏈€傚熀浜庤繙紼嬫暀鑲茬殑鐗圭偣鍜屼紭鍔匡紝璁稿鏈夎瘑涔嬪+宸茬粡璁よ瘑鍒板彂灞曡繙紼嬫暀鑲茬殑閲嶈鎰忎箟鍜屽箍闃斿墠鏅€?/p>

相關(guān)閱讀